Improvement in valves in steam apparatus for dressing stone



LPOCHBT. VALVE IN STEAM APPARATUS FOR DRESSING STONE. No. 107,406.

Patented Sept. 13, 1870.

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lof stone by mechanical means, consists of afmaohinc having an arrangement of striking-tools, and weighvfrom this arrangement, that the valve T works paral- LEON POOHET, OF VENDOME, LOIR ET CHER, FRANCE.

Letters Patent N 107 ,406, dated September 13, 1870.

'IMPROVEMENT-IN var-vas 1N STEAM' APPARATUS ron DRESSING "s'roNn To all whom it may concern:

Be it lknown that I, LEON POCKET, of Vendome, Loiret Ober, France, engineer, have invented a cerf tain new and .useful Improvement in Valves in Steam Apparatusfor .Cutting or Di'es'singStone; and I do hereby declare the following to be a true and exact description of the saine, reference being 'hadto the accompanying drawing; that isr to say- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section;

Figure 2, a transverse section;

Figure 3, a top View;

Figure 4,.the machine, as in operation; and

Figure 5, a top and side view of the drill-holder, enlarged.

My invention, whiehhas for its object the dressing ing from thirty to' one hundred kilograms, and even iuore,'according to the force of the blow required; the said apparatus being worked either by steam o'r air, and suspended in such a way that' tbe workman can direct the blows upon the stone without exerting his own strength, either to direct the apparatus or to support it.

The drawing joined t'o this description represents a dressing-machne LA piston, 1", works in a cylinder, A B. It is fur--v nished, at one end, with a tool-holder, e. Anarm, i, connects the piston-rod to a spindle, c, parallel -to it, which slides in two supports, d d. A'fork, l), jointed, at k, to the spindle c, is also jointed to .a lever, s, hav ing itsfnlcrum at o. By means of other joint-s the' levers no1-ks the rod a of the valve T. It results,

lel to the piston l?, its speed beingreduced as required, 'and thus the piston regulates its own supply of steam or an'.

".lhe valre 'D carries a regulating-valve, i, which Vitl -aotnates by its own movement, by reason of the two valvesbeing pressed together by two steel sp1-in gs, but the'trerel oi' the regulating-valve is limited at the right bytln spindle m, which strikes against the side of the valve-chest, and, at the left, by the elliptical cam u, which is regulated by the handle p. When the4 regulating-valve has struck either of -its stops, the main valve linishes its travel alone, until it returns in the contrary direction. lhe travel of the valves produces the following results.:

First period, the piston l', starting from its normal position, as in g.'1, the exhaust is at B, full pressure at A, which .acts during half the travel ot the piston.- At the middle of the stroke the.r induction ceases at A, and commences at B; the exhaust ceases at B, and commences at A. Duiing this first period the speed of the piston commences at zero, and attains a maximum speed. Thus the central point of the free stroke of the piston always 'corresponds tothe maximum speed.

be called the .nsefnl'partof the stroke.

Third period, the speed of the piston onits return increases as long as the 'steam acts at B. 1f the ellip tical cam n is placed at' its greatest eccentricity, the induction at B and the exhaust at A continue until the piston passes the middle of its stroke.

Fourt-hperiod, at this moment the change 'takes place; the exhaust commences at B, andthe'supply at A. 4 Underthe reaction of thc steam at A the piston mores slower,.and ends `by stopping altogethenat its starting point, to act asprevionsly-deseribed.

Thus, byA means of the concordent 'action of the Aslideslm' ofthe regulatingsvalve lwith'the ports L M of the valve, there can be no pressure at A untilthere is 'exhaust at B, and 'vice 've-rsa.

.During the forward stroke the change always takes place in the middle ofthe stroke' of thepiston. vDuring ',the return stroke the change-takes placent any point .before the return of the piston to its starting point,

,according to the position of the elliptical cam n, which' 'is set to regulate the force ofthe blws'by decreasing the amount ot' eocentrcity in proportion as the blows require' to be increased, and rice-versa. In certain cases, especially in machines of small size, it isxpossible to-rednce the two valves-to one, in

vwhich ease the change' of distribution always takes plaee in the'center of thestroke, and the quantity ot.

steam introduced alone regulates 'the stroke,

rlhe apparatus is suspended from'avtripod by a small differential .drum ,or pulley', balanced by a counterweight. It is. therefore, free to move in any direct-ion, (see iig. 4.) Y The workman simply holds the apparatus by two handles, N N, of 'wood or elastic material, and itis by incansof these handles that he directs' the tool upon the desired point ofthe stone.

'lhe incline of Vthe machinevis re'gulatedfbythe arrangement of the chain whiclrconnects it to the pulfley. It'is'neessary to reduccto 4onetenth,`at least,

'theproportion ot' thesizes of the pistonand `the cylinder, so as'to'lessen the-vibrations-of thehandles.

f The blows arev strong in proportion as the pressure -Js exerted'uponthc handles, to .hold the apparatus against the stone. The steam entersthe 'macbinef through a tube ot' India rubber Exe-d on the mounting V, by means offa cock. '.lhis latter is more or less .openedby a movement of the left handle. N, trans'- mitted to the cock liv means otl a lever and crank,

(see figs. 2 and 3.)

lhe handle can be kept in any position by-means olf 'a 4spring pawl, :c, vthat is fixed bythe thumb in one ci' the teeth of the ratchet-wheel y. The handle 71 of 'the cam may be fixed in any dcsiredposition by means ot a lever turning upon a notched disk, as in Bregnets telegra-phic apparat-us.

It will be understood that the cam n, and the openings through which the steam passes, regulate the force of the blows, and the pressure of the hands upon the handles N N complete this operation.

The resistances of the piston are eased by the spring le, upon .the spindle c, and bearing against the lixed support 11,'during the forward stroke,'and, during the hack stroke, the piston I' forces back the, vulves, and compresses the spring.

The apparatus is placed in position bciore the stone by a proper arrangement ot' the tripod. Once placed il. can be raised or lowered by the workman, one ot' the wheels of the di`erential pulley being cased by a. balance\'veight. 'lhe dressing is done insuperposed horizontal zones, and the tools employed are similar to hand-tools, especially those cutting-tools having from four, nine, sixteen, 85e., teeth. l

The chipping of the edges of the stone is done by an ordinary chisel, or a jointed chisvl,j, having a spring, r, shown in iig. 5.

To dress the edges the stone is placed in a. horizontal position. The course of the chisel is limited by an arrangement of two righbangled straightledges, lixed. on the stone by two screws at each end. The vert-ical stmight-edge limits the cutting upon the horizontal face, und the horizontal straight-edge upon the vertical face. When one stone is finished the workman proceeds vto dress another stone, for which purpose the feet ofthe tripod are rearranged.

lhe machine may hcjvorked either by compressed air or by steam. For compressed air a motor, an aircompressor, a reservoir, a main pipe, and India-rubber branch pipes are required. For 'stea1n,aiboiler, a main pipe, and metallic branch pipes are required, and, near `to each instrument, an India-rubber tube,'of only a few yards length. A stone-dressing yard will comprise many lnachine's. l

The-se machines can be used according to their strength, either to rough dress or to chisel stone. By varying the dimensions according to the work to be donc, they can be used to dress millstones, to drill holes in mines, to get stones from quarries, and, indeed, it can be' applied under any circumstances to strike rapid blows directed by hand. Il' necessary I can place the machine in` fixed frames, moving horizontally and vertically, thesaid frame moving on wheels.

I claim- In combination with the slide-valve T, the regulatingfvalve t, cam n. and rod mf. substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name toy 

